PHP: else
Let's try and modify the function from the previous example so that it returns the whole strings of Sentence is normal or Sentence is question instead of just the sentence type.
<?php
function getTypeOfSentence($sentence)
{
$lastChar = $sentence[-1];
if ($lastChar === '?') {
$sentenceType = 'question';
} else {
$sentenceType = 'normal';
}
return "Sentence is {$sentenceType}";
}
getTypeOfSentence('Hodor'); // Sentence is normal
getTypeOfSentence('Hodor?'); // Sentence is question
We added else and a new block with curly brackets. This block is only executed if the condition in if is false.
There are two ways to design an if-else clause. The negation allows you to change the order of the blocks:
<?php
function getTypeOfSentence($sentence)
{
$lastChar = $sentence[-1];
if ($lastChar !== '?') {
$sentenceType = 'normal';
} else {
$sentenceType = 'question';
}
return "Sentence is {$sentenceType}";
}
Which way is preferable? It's easier for the human brain to reason in a straightforward manner rather than via negation. Try to pick a test that has no negations, and then modify the contents of the code blocks to suit it.
Instructions
Write a function, normalizeUrl(), that normalizes data passed to it. It takes a site address and returns it with https:// at the beginning.
The function accepts addresses as ADDRESS or http://ADDRESS, but always returns the address as https://ADDRESS
There are two possible solutions:
- You can compare the first 7 characters of the argument string with the string
http://. - You can use the strpos, function to check if the string-argument contains the substring
http://.
And then it'll either add or not add https:// accordingly.
Call examples:
<?php
normalizeUrl('google.com'); // 'https://google.com'
normalizeUrl('http://ai.fi'); // 'https://ai.fi'
The exercise doesn't pass checking. What to do? 😶
If you've reached a deadlock it's time to ask your question in the «Discussions». How ask a question correctly:
- Be sure to attach the test output, without it it's almost impossible to figure out what went wrong, even if you show your code. It's complicated for developers to execute code in their heads, but having a mistake before their eyes most probably will be helpful.
In my environment the code works, but not here 🤨
Tests are designed so that they test the solution in different ways and against different data. Often the solution works with one kind of input data but doesn't work with others. Check the «Tests» tab to figure this out, you can find hints at the error output.
My code is different from the teacher's one 🤔
It's fine. 🙆 One task in programming can be solved in many different ways. If your code passed all tests, it complies with the task conditions.
In some rare cases, the solution may be adjusted to the tests, but this can be seen immediately.
I've read the lessons but nothing is clear 🙄
It's hard to make educational materials that will suit everyone. We do our best but there is always something to improve. If you see a material that is not clear to you, describe the problem in “Discussions”. It will be great if you'll write unclear points in the question form. Usually, we need a few days for corrections.
By the way, you can participate in courses improvement. There is a link below to the lessons course code which you can edit right in your browser.
Definitions
else else is a way to specify the block of code that will be executed if the
ifcondition isn't satisfied