Python: else
Now let's modify the function from the previous lesson so that it returns the whole string Normal sentence or Question instead of just the sentence type:
def get_type_of_sentence(sentence):
last_char = sentence[-1]
if last_char == '?':
sentence_type = 'question'
else:
sentence_type = 'normal'
return "Sentence is " + sentence_type
print(get_type_of_sentence('Hodor')) # => 'Sentence is normal'
print(get_type_of_sentence('Hodor?')) # => 'Sentence is question'
We added else and a new block. It'll execute if the condition in if is false. You can also put other if conditions in the else block.
`if-else' constructions can be arranged in two ways. Negation allows you to change the order of the blocks:
def get_type_of_sentence(sentence):
last_char = sentence[-1]
if last_char != '?':
sentence_type = 'normal'
else:
sentence_type = 'question'
return "Sentence is " + sentence_type
To make it easier, try choosing non-negative checks and adjust the contents of the blocks to suit it.
Instructions
Implement a function called normalize_url() function, which normalizes data. It takes a site address and returns it with https:// at the beginning.
The function accepts addresses as ADDRESS or http://ADDRESS, but always returns the address as https://ADDRESS. You can also pass fully normalized data, e.g., https://ADDRESS, in which case you don't need to change anything.
Call examples:
print(normalize_url('https://yahoo.com/')) # => 'https://yahoo.com/'
print(normalize_url('google.com')) # => 'https://google.com'
print(normalize_url('http://ai.fi')) # => 'https://ai.fi'
There are several ways to do this task. One of them is to compare the first 7 characters of the argument string with the string http:// and then decide whether to http:// or not based on that.
You'll also most likely need to discard the unnecessary part at the beginning of the string. Remember when we looked at the way to get part of a string using string slices? If not, here's a quick reminder
# Take 6 characters from the beginning
print('Winterfell'[:6]) # => 'Winter'
So, with slicing, you can also discard a certain number of characters:
# Discard the first 6 characters
print('Winterfell'[6:]) # => 'fell'
The exercise doesn't pass checking. What to do? 😶
If you've reached a deadlock it's time to ask your question in the «Discussions». How ask a question correctly:
- Be sure to attach the test output, without it it's almost impossible to figure out what went wrong, even if you show your code. It's complicated for developers to execute code in their heads, but having a mistake before their eyes most probably will be helpful.
In my environment the code works, but not here 🤨
Tests are designed so that they test the solution in different ways and against different data. Often the solution works with one kind of input data but doesn't work with others. Check the «Tests» tab to figure this out, you can find hints at the error output.
My code is different from the teacher's one 🤔
It's fine. 🙆 One task in programming can be solved in many different ways. If your code passed all tests, it complies with the task conditions.
In some rare cases, the solution may be adjusted to the tests, but this can be seen immediately.
I've read the lessons but nothing is clear 🙄
It's hard to make educational materials that will suit everyone. We do our best but there is always something to improve. If you see a material that is not clear to you, describe the problem in “Discussions”. It will be great if you'll write unclear points in the question form. Usually, we need a few days for corrections.
By the way, you can participate in courses improvement. There is a link below to the lessons course code which you can edit right in your browser.
Definitions
else a way to specify the block of code that'll be executed if an
ifcondition is not satisfied.