CSS: Generalized rule for fonts
A convenient way to set font properties is to use the font rule, which lets you specify:
font-stylefont-variantfont-weightfont-size/line-height(these two rules are written with a slash)font-family
Six different rules within one! This helps shorten CSS code and improve its readability. The mandatory ones are font-size and font-family. The rest can be omitted.
An example of an entry with all possible rules: font: italic small-caps bold 24px/1.2 Arial;
Suppose we want italic bold text with a font size of 24 pixels and from the Arial font family, then the rule in CSS would look like this:
.text {
font: italic bold 24px Arial;
}
Note the order in which the values within the font property are used. First come the style rules, then the font size and spacing, and then the font family. This is important, because if the order is different, the browser may not process the result correctly.
When specifying the font-family property, we also recommend specifying a universal font family. You need this in case the user doesn't have that font, so that a suitable one can be chosen from those installed on their system. As with the `font-family' property on its own, all fonts should be separated by commas. The same applies to the font family.
.text {
font: italic bold 24px Arial, sans-serif;
}
Using one or more rules
This section applies not only to the font rule but to all the generalized rules you will learn in the course. It might seem that using one rule reduces the number of lines that are used in CSS. This is true, but there are two major problems with using these properties:
- Memorizing the correct order of values. When using generalized properties, you should always keep in mind the correct order of property values. It's easy to get it wrong in the early stages of learning. A good option would be to use individual properties, but in the order in which they go in the generalized property. As you get more experience, you can switch to one rule
- Generalized properties override individual ones. If you specify
font-variant: small-caps;and then applyfont: 16px/24px sans-serif;to the same element, then the capital will be reset to its default value
Instructions
Add a paragraph with the class set to bold-text to the editor, and set the following rules:
- Bold lettering
- Font size: `24px
- Verdana font
- Font family: sans serif
Write the styles in the <style> tag
The exercise doesn't pass checking. What to do? 😶
If you've reached a deadlock it's time to ask your question in the «Discussions». How ask a question correctly:
- Be sure to attach the test output, without it it's almost impossible to figure out what went wrong, even if you show your code. It's complicated for developers to execute code in their heads, but having a mistake before their eyes most probably will be helpful.
In my environment the code works, but not here 🤨
Tests are designed so that they test the solution in different ways and against different data. Often the solution works with one kind of input data but doesn't work with others. Check the «Tests» tab to figure this out, you can find hints at the error output.
My code is different from the teacher's one 🤔
It's fine. 🙆 One task in programming can be solved in many different ways. If your code passed all tests, it complies with the task conditions.
In some rare cases, the solution may be adjusted to the tests, but this can be seen immediately.
I've read the lessons but nothing is clear 🙄
It's hard to make educational materials that will suit everyone. We do our best but there is always something to improve. If you see a material that is not clear to you, describe the problem in “Discussions”. It will be great if you'll write unclear points in the question form. Usually, we need a few days for corrections.
By the way, you can participate in courses improvement. There is a link below to the lessons course code which you can edit right in your browser.
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Your exercise will be checked with these tests:
1const { test } = require('tests');
2
3test(({ query, expect, html }) => {
4 const element = query(document, '.bold-text');
5 expect(element).to.have.class('bold-text');
6
7 expect(html).to.contain('bold 24px Verdana, sans-serif');
8});
9Teacher's solution will be available in:
